Dioscorea is a genus of over 600 species of flowering plants in the family dioscoreaceae, native throughout the tropical and warm temperate regions of the world. The dioscorea genus contains more than 600 species, 14 of which have edible tubers. Testudinaria elephantipes, is a species of flowering plant in the genus dioscorea of the family. In summer the leafless plant conserves energy by dropping its leaves in october, just before the onset of the summer heat. The 1980 list was based upon the work of the regional committee in southeast asia and its descriptor numbers are given in parentheses beside the present. Thus, in this study we investigated thermal, rheological, structural and colour properties of the native and modified starch of the amazon dioscorea sp. They were washed, peeled and sliced to the same thickness of 2 mm for drying treatments.
Nutritional and antinutritional evaluation of wild yam. A study was carried out on the storage rot of yams dioscorea spp in keffi and environs, nasarawa state. Oct 15, 20 despite the report that the commercial starch from dioscorea spp. Dioscorea villosa has one of the firmest of rhizomae, it being very difficult to powder or crush. However, very limited sequence information pertaining to yam is available at public genome databases. United plant savers medicinal plant conservation certificate program. Plants profile for dioscorea cayenensis yellow guinea yam. Generation and analysis of expressed sequence tags ests for. Other terms for yam are true yams, greater yam, tropical yam, and name. Dioscorea oppositifolia occurs only in india 21,93.
Approximately 600 dioscorea species are eaten in various parts of the world. Wild yam dioscorea villosa oral side effects, medical. Availability of high quality sequence information is necessary for designing molecular markers associated with resistance. Dioscorea used in chinese medicine with the example of. Isolated starches from yams dioscorea sp grown at the. It is a perennial climbing vine, native to china and east asia. Herein we report the promises of dioscorea bulbifera and its bioactive principle, diosgenin as novel. Wild yam is possibly safe when taken by mouth or applied to the skin. Thus, although dioscorea was introduced by the thomsonian school in medicine, it became a favorite in the eclectic school, where for decades it has found a cordial reception.
It has no odor, and but little taste beyond a slight acridity after prolonged chewing. Of the dioscorea species available in sbr, 10 species are known to be bitter in taste and unpalatable when taken raw. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. A study was carried out at bimbilla in the nanumba north district of ghana to evaluate possible. In florida, herbarium records now reported for naturalized. Five5 towns, kana,kofa gwari, laminga, garaku and kokona in keffi local government area, nasarawa state, nigeria were. This study investigated the storage of seven 7 key yam varieties. General information lesser yam is a perennial, climbing plant producing annual stems about 3 metres long from a tuberous rootstock.
Dioscorea synonyms, dioscorea pronunciation, dioscorea translation, english dictionary definition of dioscorea. As a staple food, the cassava dioscorea alata is boiled and consumed completed with fish and vegetable as dishes. Dioscorea definition of dioscorea by medical dictionary. May 15, 2018 the functional properties of starch granules define its application in food and nonfood industries. Rot from microbial infection of healthy yam tubers reduces their table quality and renders them unappealing to consumers. The dioscorea spp examined included dioscorea rotundata white yam, d. Federal government printer, lagos, nigeria, 1819, 1959. Onwueme department of plant science university of ife, nigeria abstract the various physiological characteristics of the yam tuber are examined in detail under four general headings. The institute of food and agricultural sciences ifas is an equal opportunity institution authorized to provide research, educational information and other services only to individuals and institutions that function with nondiscrimination with respect to race, creed, color, religion, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, national origin, political opinions or affiliations. Yams, the edible starchy tubers, are of cultural economic and nutritional importance in the tropical and subtropical. The plant list includes 1,192 scientific plant names of species rank for the genus dioscorea. However, yam is susceptible to a range of serious and debilitating diseases including viruses. Testudinaria elephantipes, is a species of flowering plant in the genus dioscorea of the family dioscoreaceae, native to the dry interior of south africa.
Minimizing postharvest losses in yam dioscorea spp. You have free access to this content resistance in water yam dioscorea alata cultivars in the french west indies to anthracnose disease based on tissue culturederived wholeplant assay. It is sometimes called chinese potato or by its japanese name nagaimo. Tuber physiology in yams dioscorea spp and its agricultural. Although more than six hundred species of the tuber exist, only a few are important as staple food in the tropics. There are several herbs derived from species of dioscorea used in chinese herb formulas, though only two are. Dioscorea elephantipes elephants foot or hottentot bread. Read more about the prescription drug wild yam dioscorea villosa oral.
Jan 22, 2014 the unweighted pair group method arithmetic averages clusters and principal component analysis for 21 landraces formed four wellseparated groups containing landraces of each of the four species, namely, dioscorea opposita thunb. Anthracnose colletotrichum gloeosporioides is a major limiting factor in the production of yam dioscorea spp. Lloyd investigated the dioscorea subject, and found that the variety of the vine yielding the drug originally em. Dioscorea definition of dioscorea by the free dictionary. The socalled dioscorein is not a definite principle of the rhizoma, but is simply a dried solid extract, and to call it other. Genetic diversity among air yam dioscorea bulbifera. Phytochemistry and therapeutic potential of medicinal.
Besides for being source of carbohydrates, cassava dioscorea alata also contains relatively high protein. Yam is the common name applied to plants of about 500 species of the genus dioscorea of the dioscoreaceae family. Dioscorea elephantipes is summer deciduous and is a perennial geophytic climber. Dweck fls frsh frsc personal care magazine 3, 3, p. Dioscorea is the largest genus in the dioscoreaceae family, and includes a number of economically important species including the air yam, d. Effect of the acetylation process on native starches of yam dioscorea spp the ds corresponded to the average number of acetyl groups introduced per unit of anhydrous glucose whose molecular weight was equal to 162 units equation 2. The vast majority of the species are tropical, with only a few species extending into temperate climates. There is not enough reliable information about the safety of taking wild yam if you are pregnant or breast feeding. To evaluate the antidiabetic activity of ethanolic extract of dioscorea alata in glucose loaded and alloxan induced diabetic rats. Reactive oxygen species ros, which are known to be implicated in a range of diseases, may be important progenitors of. Martini this 8year program for selecting better yam dioscorea varieties for the tropics. This study aimed to develop new single sequence repeat primers and characterize the genetic diversity of local varieties that originated in several municipalities of brazil.
Dioscorea villosa, the wild yam, is used as a source of topically applied cosmetics and plantderived steroids. As food, cassava dioscorea alata has a pretty good nutrient composition further data is presented on table 1. Tuber physiology in yams dioscorea spp and its agricultural implications i. Resistance in water yam dioscorea alata cultivars in the. Dioscorea yams genus dioscorea plant genus a genus of plants dioscoreaceae, family dioscoreaceae, yam family yams yam plant, yam any of a. They are mostly grown for their starchy tubers both. Dioscorea species, popularly known as yam worldwide and as ban aalu in odisha, india, is a prime staple medicinalfood substitute for the majority of rural and tribal people of the state of india. The plants database includes the following 30 species of dioscorea.
Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial metabolic disease characterized by postprandial hyperglycemia pphg. Philippine herbal medicines an illustrated compilation of philippine medicinal plants by dr godofredo stuart, with botanical information, chemical properties, folkloric uses and reserach studies. The effects of the concentration of brown sugar and the. Postharvest microbial rot is an important disease that causes severe losses in yam dioscorea spp. Effect of the acetylation process on native starches of yam. Antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects of yam dioscorea. Consumer information about the medication wild yam dioscorea villosa oral, includes side effects, drug interactions, recommended dosages, and storage information. Antidiabetic activity of ethanolic extract of tubers of.
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